PMLE — all questions

You are building an ML model to detect anomalies in real-time sensor data. You will use Pub/Sub to handle incoming requests. You want to store the results for analytics and visualization. How should you configure the pipeline?

Your organization wants to make its internal shuttle service route more efficient. The shuttles currently stop at all pick-up points across the city every 30 minutes between 7 am and 10 am. The development team has already built an application on Google Kubernetes Engine that requires users to confirm their presence and shuttle station one day in advance. What approach should you take?

You were asked to investigate failures of a production line component based on sensor readings. After receiving the dataset, you discover that less than 1% of the readings are positive examples representing failure incidents. You have tried to train several classification models, but none of them converge. How should you resolve the class imbalance problem?

You want to rebuild your ML pipeline for structured data on Google Cloud. You are using PySpark to conduct data transformations at scale, but your pipelines are taking over 12 hours to run. To speed up development and pipeline run time, you want to use a serverless tool and SQL syntax. You have already moved your raw data into Cloud Storage. How should you build the pipeline on Google Cloud while meeting the speed and processing requirements?

You manage a team of data scientists who use a cloud-based backend system to submit training jobs. This system has become very difficult to administer, and you want to use a managed service instead. The data scientists you work with use many different frameworks, including Keras, PyTorch, theano, Scikit-learn, and custom libraries. What should you do?

You work for an online retail company that is creating a visual search engine. You have set up an end-to-end ML pipeline on Google Cloud to classify whether an image contains your company's product. Expecting the release of new products in the near future, you configured a retraining functionality in the pipeline so that new data can be fed into your ML models. You also want to use AI Platform's continuous evaluation service to ensure that the models have high accuracy on your test dataset. What should you do?

You need to build classification workflows over several structured datasets currently stored in BigQuery. Because you will be performing the classification several times, you want to complete the following steps without writing code: exploratory data analysis, feature selection, model building, training, and hyperparameter tuning and serving. What should you do?

You work for a public transportation company and need to build a model to estimate delay times for multiple transportation routes. Predictions are served directly to users in an app in real time. Because different seasons and population increases impact the data relevance, you will retrain the model every month. You want to follow Google-recommended best practices. How should you configure the end-to-end architecture of the predictive model?

You are developing ML models with AI Platform for image segmentation on CT scans. You frequently update your model architectures based on the newest available research papers, and have to rerun training on the same dataset to benchmark their performance. You want to minimize computation costs and manual intervention while having version control for your code. What should you do?

Your team needs to build a model that predicts whether images contain a driver's license, passport, or credit card. The data engineering team already built the pipeline and generated a dataset composed of 10,000 images with driver's licenses, 1,000 images with passports, and 1,000 images with credit cards. You now have to train a model with the following label map: [`˜drivers_license', `˜passport', `˜credit_card']. Which loss function should you use?

You are designing an ML recommendation model for shoppers on your company's ecommerce website. You will use Recommendations AI to build, test, and deploy your system. How should you develop recommendations that increase revenue while following best practices?

You are designing an architecture with a serverless ML system to enrich customer support tickets with informative metadata before they are routed to a support agent. You need a set of models to predict ticket priority, predict ticket resolution time, and perform sentiment analysis to help agents make strategic decisions when they process support requests. Tickets are not expected to have any domain-specific terms or jargon. The proposed architecture has the following flow: Which endpoints should the Enrichment Cloud Functions call?

You have trained a deep neural network model on Google Cloud. The model has low loss on the training data, but is performing worse on the validation data. You want the model to be resilient to overfitting. Which strategy should you use when retraining the model?

You built and manage a production system that is responsible for predicting sales numbers. Model accuracy is crucial, because the production model is required to keep up with market changes. Since being deployed to production, the model hasn't changed; however the accuracy of the model has steadily deteriorated. What issue is most likely causing the steady decline in model accuracy?

You have been asked to develop an input pipeline for an ML training model that processes images from disparate sources at a low latency. You discover that your input data does not fit in memory. How should you create a dataset following Google-recommended best practices?

You are an ML engineer at a large grocery retailer with stores in multiple regions. You have been asked to create an inventory prediction model. Your model's features include region, location, historical demand, and seasonal popularity. You want the algorithm to learn from new inventory data on a daily basis. Which algorithms should you use to build the model?

You are building a real-time prediction engine that streams files which may contain Personally Identifiable Information (PII) to Google Cloud. You want to use the Cloud Data Loss Prevention (DLP) API to scan the files. How should you ensure that the PII is not accessible by unauthorized individuals?

You work for a large hotel chain and have been asked to assist the marketing team in gathering predictions for a targeted marketing strategy. You need to make predictions about user lifetime value (LTV) over the next 20 days so that marketing can be adjusted accordingly. The customer dataset is in BigQuery, and you are preparing the tabular data for training with AutoML Tables. This data has a time signal that is spread across multiple columns. How should you ensure that AutoML fits the best model to your data?

You have written unit tests for a Kubeflow Pipeline that require custom libraries. You want to automate the execution of unit tests with each new push to your development branch in Cloud Source Repositories. What should you do?

You are training an LSTM-based model on AI Platform to summarize text using the following job submission script: gcloud ai-platform jobs submit training $JOB_NAME \ --package-path $TRAINER_PACKAGE_PATH \ --module-name $MAIN_TRAINER_MODULE \ --job-dir $JOB_DIR \ --region $REGION \ --scale-tier basic \ -- \ --epochs 20 \ --batch_size=32 \ --learning_rate=0.001 \ You want to ensure that training time is minimized without significantly compromising the accuracy of your model. What should you do?