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MLS-C01 — all questions

369 practice questions with answers and explanations.

MLS-C01 Question 1

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Topic 1 · Question 1

A large mobile network operating company is building a machine learning model to predict customers who are likely to unsubscribe from the service. The company plans to offer an incentive for these customers as the cost of churn is far greater than the cost of the incentive. The model produces the following confusion matrix after evaluating on a test dataset of 100 customers: Based on the model evaluation results, why is this a viable model for production?

Exhibit 1 for question 1
  • AThe model is 86% accurate and the cost incurred by the company as a result of false negatives is less than the false positives.
  • BThe precision of the model is 86%, which is less than the accuracy of the model.
  • CThe model is 86% accurate and the cost incurred by the company as a result of false positives is less than the false negatives. (correct answer)
  • DThe precision of the model is 86%, which is greater than the accuracy of the model.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: C

The correct answer is C. Option C: The model is 86% accurate and the cost incurred by the company as a result of false positives is less than the false negatives.

MLS-C01 Question 2

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Topic 1 · Question 2

A Machine Learning Specialist is designing a system for improving sales for a company. The objective is to use the large amount of information the company has on users' behavior and product preferences to predict which products users would like based on the users' similarity to other users. What should the Specialist do to meet this objective?

  • ABuild a content-based filtering recommendation engine with Apache Spark ML on Amazon EMR
  • BBuild a collaborative filtering recommendation engine with Apache Spark ML on Amazon EMR. (correct answer)
  • CBuild a model-based filtering recommendation engine with Apache Spark ML on Amazon EMR
  • DBuild a combinative filtering recommendation engine with Apache Spark ML on Amazon EMR
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: B

The correct answer is B. Option B: Build a collaborative filtering recommendation engine with Apache Spark ML on Amazon EMR.

Explanation

Amazon EMR runs big-data frameworks like Spark and Hadoop on managed clusters.

MLS-C01 Question 3

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Topic 1 · Question 3

A Mobile Network Operator is building an analytics platform to analyze and optimize a company's operations using Amazon Athena and Amazon S3. The source systems send data in .CSV format in real time. The Data Engineering team wants to transform the data to the Apache Parquet format before storing it on Amazon S3. Which solution takes the LEAST effort to implement?

  • AIngest .CSV data using Apache Kafka Streams on Amazon EC2 instances and use Kafka Connect S3 to serialize data as Parquet
  • BIngest .CSV data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and use Amazon Glue to convert data into Parquet.
  • CIngest .CSV data using Apache Spark Structured Streaming in an Amazon EMR cluster and use Apache Spark to convert data into Parquet.
  • DIngest .CSV data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to convert data into Parquet. (correct answer)
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: D

The correct answer is D. Option D: Ingest.CSV data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to convert data into Parquet.

Explanation

Kinesis Data Firehose delivers streaming data to destinations like S3/Redshift with no servers to manage. Kinesis Data Streams ingests and processes high-volume real-time streaming data. Amazon Kinesis ingests and processes real-time streaming data at scale.

MLS-C01 Question 4

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Topic 1 · Question 4

A city wants to monitor its air quality to address the consequences of air pollution. A Machine Learning Specialist needs to forecast the air quality in parts per million of contaminates for the next 2 days in the city. As this is a prototype, only daily data from the last year is available. Which model is MOST likely to provide the best results in Amazon SageMaker?

  • AUse the Amazon SageMaker k-Nearest-Neighbors (kNN) algorithm on the single time series consisting of the full year of data with a predictor_type of regressor.
  • BUse Amazon SageMaker Random Cut Forest (RCF) on the single time series consisting of the full year of data.
  • CUse the Amazon SageMaker Linear Learner algorithm on the single time series consisting of the full year of data with a predictor_type of regressor. (correct answer)
  • DUse the Amazon SageMaker Linear Learner algorithm on the single time series consisting of the full year of data with a predictor_type of classifier.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: C

The correct answer is C. Option C: Use the Amazon SageMaker Linear Learner algorithm on the single time series consisting of the full year of data with a predictor_type of regressor.

Explanation

Amazon SageMaker builds, trains and deploys machine learning models in a fully managed service.

MLS-C01 Question 5

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Topic 1 · Question 5

A Data Engineer needs to build a model using a dataset containing customer credit card information How can the Data Engineer ensure the data remains encrypted and the credit card information is secure?

  • AUse a custom encryption algorithm to encrypt the data and store the data on an Amazon SageMaker instance in a VPC. Use the SageMaker DeepAR algorithm to randomize the credit card numbers.
  • BUse an IAM policy to encrypt the data on the Amazon S3 bucket and Amazon Kinesis to automatically discard credit card numbers and insert fake credit card numbers.
  • CUse an Amazon SageMaker launch configuration to encrypt the data once it is copied to the SageMaker instance in a VPC. Use the SageMaker principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm to reduce the length of the credit card numbers.
  • DUse AWS KMS to encrypt the data on Amazon S3 and Amazon SageMaker, and redact the credit card numbers from the customer data with AWS Glue. (correct answer)
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: D

The correct answer is D. Option D: Use AWS KMS to encrypt the data on Amazon S3 and Amazon SageMaker, and redact the credit card numbers from the customer data with AWS Glue.

Explanation

Amazon S3 provides durable, scalable object storage that is fully managed. AWS Glue is a serverless ETL and data-catalog service that prepares and integrates data. Amazon SageMaker builds, trains and deploys machine learning models in a fully managed service.

MLS-C01 Question 6

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Topic 1 · Question 6

A Machine Learning Specialist is using an Amazon SageMaker notebook instance in a private subnet of a corporate VPC. The ML Specialist has important data stored on the Amazon SageMaker notebook instance's Amazon EBS volume, and needs to take a snapshot of that EBS volume. However, the ML Specialist cannot find the Amazon SageMaker notebook instance's EBS volume or Amazon EC2 instance within the VPC. Why is the ML Specialist not seeing the instance visible in the VPC?

  • AAmazon SageMaker notebook instances are based on the EC2 instances within the customer account, but they run outside of VPCs.
  • BAmazon SageMaker notebook instances are based on the Amazon ECS service within customer accounts.
  • CAmazon SageMaker notebook instances are based on EC2 instances running within AWS service accounts. (correct answer)
  • DAmazon SageMaker notebook instances are based on AWS ECS instances running within AWS service accounts.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: C

The correct answer is C. Option C: Amazon SageMaker notebook instances are based on EC2 instances running within AWS service accounts.

Explanation

Amazon EC2 provides resizable virtual servers when you need full control of the operating system. Amazon SageMaker builds, trains and deploys machine learning models in a fully managed service.

MLS-C01 Question 7

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Topic 1 · Question 7

A Machine Learning Specialist is building a model that will perform time series forecasting using Amazon SageMaker. The Specialist has finished training the model and is now planning to perform load testing on the endpoint so they can configure Auto Scaling for the model variant. Which approach will allow the Specialist to review the latency, memory utilization, and CPU utilization during the load test?

  • AReview SageMaker logs that have been written to Amazon S3 by leveraging Amazon Athena and Amazon QuickSight to visualize logs as they are being produced.
  • BGenerate an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard to create a single view for the latency, memory utilization, and CPU utilization metrics that are outputted by Amazon SageMaker. (correct answer)
  • CBuild custom Amazon CloudWatch Logs and then leverage Amazon ES and Kibana to query and visualize the log data as it is generated by Amazon SageMaker.
  • DSend Amazon CloudWatch Logs that were generated by Amazon SageMaker to Amazon ES and use Kibana to query and visualize the log data.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: B

The correct answer is B. Option B: Generate an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard to create a single view for the latency, memory utilization, and CPU utilization metrics that are outputted by Amazon SageMaker.

Explanation

Amazon SageMaker builds, trains and deploys machine learning models in a fully managed service. Amazon CloudWatch collects metrics, logs and alarms to monitor and react to operational health.

MLS-C01 Question 8

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Topic 1 · Question 8

A manufacturing company has structured and unstructured data stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. A Machine Learning Specialist wants to use SQL to run queries on this data. Which solution requires the LEAST effort to be able to query this data?

  • AUse AWS Data Pipeline to transform the data and Amazon RDS to run queries.
  • BUse AWS Glue to catalogue the data and Amazon Athena to run queries. (correct answer)
  • CUse AWS Batch to run ETL on the data and Amazon Aurora to run the queries.
  • DUse AWS Lambda to transform the data and Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics to run queries.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: B

The correct answer is B. Option B: Use AWS Glue to catalogue the data and Amazon Athena to run queries.

Explanation

Amazon Athena runs serverless SQL queries directly on data in Amazon S3 with no infrastructure to manage. AWS Glue is a serverless ETL and data-catalog service that prepares and integrates data.

MLS-C01 Question 9

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Topic 1 · Question 9

A Machine Learning Specialist is developing a custom video recommendation model for an application. The dataset used to train this model is very large with millions of data points and is hosted in an Amazon S3 bucket. The Specialist wants to avoid loading all of this data onto an Amazon SageMaker notebook instance because it would take hours to move and will exceed the attached 5 GB Amazon EBS volume on the notebook instance. Which approach allows the Specialist to use all the data to train the model?

  • ALoad a smaller subset of the data into the SageMaker notebook and train locally. Confirm that the training code is executing and the model parameters seem reasonable. Initiate a SageMaker training job using the full dataset from the S3 bucket using Pipe input mode. (correct answer)
  • BLaunch an Amazon EC2 instance with an AWS Deep Learning AMI and attach the S3 bucket to the instance. Train on a small amount of the data to verify the training code and hyperparameters. Go back to Amazon SageMaker and train using the full dataset
  • CUse AWS Glue to train a model using a small subset of the data to confirm that the data will be compatible with Amazon SageMaker. Initiate a SageMaker training job using the full dataset from the S3 bucket using Pipe input mode.
  • DLoad a smaller subset of the data into the SageMaker notebook and train locally. Confirm that the training code is executing and the model parameters seem reasonable. Launch an Amazon EC2 instance with an AWS Deep Learning AMI and attach the S3 bucket to train the full dataset.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: A

The correct answer is A. Option A: Load a smaller subset of the data into the SageMaker notebook and train locally. Confirm that the training code is executing and the model parameters seem reasonable. Initiate a SageMaker training job using the full d...

Explanation

Amazon S3 provides durable, scalable object storage that is fully managed. Amazon SageMaker builds, trains and deploys machine learning models in a fully managed service.

MLS-C01 Question 10

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Topic 1 · Question 10

A Machine Learning Specialist has completed a proof of concept for a company using a small data sample, and now the Specialist is ready to implement an end- to-end solution in AWS using Amazon SageMaker. The historical training data is stored in Amazon RDS. Which approach should the Specialist use for training a model using that data?

  • AWrite a direct connection to the SQL database within the notebook and pull data in
  • BPush the data from Microsoft SQL Server to Amazon S3 using an AWS Data Pipeline and provide the S3 location within the notebook. (correct answer)
  • CMove the data to Amazon DynamoDB and set up a connection to DynamoDB within the notebook to pull data in.
  • DMove the data to Amazon ElastiCache using AWS DMS and set up a connection within the notebook to pull data in for fast access.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: B

The correct answer is B. Option B: Push the data from Microsoft SQL Server to Amazon S3 using an AWS Data Pipeline and provide the S3 location within the notebook.

Explanation

Amazon S3 provides durable, scalable object storage that is fully managed. AWS Data Pipeline orchestrates the movement and transformation of data.

MLS-C01 Question 11

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Topic 1 · Question 11

A Machine Learning Specialist receives customer data for an online shopping website. The data includes demographics, past visits, and locality information. The Specialist must develop a machine learning approach to identify the customer shopping patterns, preferences, and trends to enhance the website for better service and smart recommendations. Which solution should the Specialist recommend?

  • ALatent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for the given collection of discrete data to identify patterns in the customer database.
  • BA neural network with a minimum of three layers and random initial weights to identify patterns in the customer database.
  • CCollaborative filtering based on user interactions and correlations to identify patterns in the customer database. (correct answer)
  • DRandom Cut Forest (RCF) over random subsamples to identify patterns in the customer database.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: C

The correct answer is C. Option C: Collaborative filtering based on user interactions and correlations to identify patterns in the customer database.

MLS-C01 Question 12

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Topic 1 · Question 12

A Machine Learning Specialist is working with a large company to leverage machine learning within its products. The company wants to group its customers into categories based on which customers will and will not churn within the next 6 months. The company has labeled the data available to the Specialist. Which machine learning model type should the Specialist use to accomplish this task?

  • ALinear regression
  • BClassification (correct answer)
  • CClustering
  • DReinforcement learning
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: B

The correct answer is B. Option B: Classification.

MLS-C01 Question 13

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Topic 1 · Question 13

The displayed graph is from a forecasting model for testing a time series. Considering the graph only, which conclusion should a Machine Learning Specialist make about the behavior of the model?

Exhibit 1 for question 13
  • AThe model predicts both the trend and the seasonality well (correct answer)
  • BThe model predicts the trend well, but not the seasonality.
  • CThe model predicts the seasonality well, but not the trend.
  • DThe model does not predict the trend or the seasonality well.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: A

The correct answer is A. Option A: The model predicts both the trend and the seasonality well.

MLS-C01 Question 14

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Topic 1 · Question 14

A company wants to classify user behavior as either fraudulent or normal. Based on internal research, a Machine Learning Specialist would like to build a binary classifier based on two features: age of account and transaction month. The class distribution for these features is illustrated in the figure provided. Based on this information, which model would have the HIGHEST accuracy?

Exhibit 1 for question 14
  • ALong short-term memory (LSTM) model with scaled exponential linear unit (SELU)
  • BLogistic regression
  • CSupport vector machine (SVM) with non-linear kernel (correct answer)
  • DSingle perceptron with tanh activation function
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: C

The correct answer is C. Option C: Support vector machine (SVM) with non-linear kernel.

MLS-C01 Question 15

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Topic 1 · Question 15

A Machine Learning Specialist at a company sensitive to security is preparing a dataset for model training. The dataset is stored in Amazon S3 and contains Personally Identifiable Information (PII). The dataset: • Must be accessible from a VPC only. • Must not traverse the public internet. How can these requirements be satisfied?

  • ACreate a VPC endpoint and apply a bucket access policy that restricts access to the given VPC endpoint and the VPC. (correct answer)
  • BCreate a VPC endpoint and apply a bucket access policy that allows access from the given VPC endpoint and an Amazon EC2 instance.
  • CCreate a VPC endpoint and use Network Access Control Lists (NACLs) to allow traffic between only the given VPC endpoint and an Amazon EC2 instance.
  • DCreate a VPC endpoint and use security groups to restrict access to the given VPC endpoint and an Amazon EC2 instance
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: A

The correct answer is A. Option A: Create a VPC endpoint and apply a bucket access policy that restricts access to the given VPC endpoint and the VPC.

Explanation

A VPC endpoint provides private connectivity to AWS services without traversing the public internet.

MLS-C01 Question 16

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Topic 1 · Question 16

During mini-batch training of a neural network for a classification problem, a Data Scientist notices that training accuracy oscillates. What is the MOST likely cause of this issue?

  • AThe class distribution in the dataset is imbalanced.
  • BDataset shuffling is disabled.
  • CThe batch size is too big.
  • DThe learning rate is very high. (correct answer)
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: D

The correct answer is D. Option D: The learning rate is very high.

MLS-C01 Question 17

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Topic 1 · Question 17

An employee found a video clip with audio on a company's social media feed. The language used in the video is Spanish. English is the employee's first language, and they do not understand Spanish. The employee wants to do a sentiment analysis. What combination of services is the MOST efficient to accomplish the task?

  • AAmazon Transcribe, Amazon Translate, and Amazon Comprehend (correct answer)
  • BAmazon Transcribe, Amazon Comprehend, and Amazon SageMaker seq2seq
  • CAmazon Transcribe, Amazon Translate, and Amazon SageMaker Neural Topic Model (NTM)
  • DAmazon Transcribe, Amazon Translate and Amazon SageMaker BlazingText
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: A

The correct answer is A. Option A: Amazon Transcribe, Amazon Translate, and Amazon Comprehend

Explanation

Amazon Comprehend extracts insights and entities from text using NLP. Amazon Transcribe converts speech to text. Amazon Translate provides neural machine translation.

MLS-C01 Question 18

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Topic 1 · Question 18

A Machine Learning Specialist is packaging a custom ResNet model into a Docker container so the company can leverage Amazon SageMaker for training. The Specialist is using Amazon EC2 P3 instances to train the model and needs to properly configure the Docker container to leverage the NVIDIA GPUs. What does the Specialist need to do?

  • ABundle the NVIDIA drivers with the Docker image.
  • BBuild the Docker container to be NVIDIA-Docker compatible. (correct answer)
  • COrganize the Docker container's file structure to execute on GPU instances.
  • DSet the GPU flag in the Amazon SageMaker CreateTrainingJob request body.
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: B

The correct answer is B. Option B: Build the Docker container to be NVIDIA-Docker compatible.

MLS-C01 Question 19

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Topic 1 · Question 19

A Machine Learning Specialist is building a logistic regression model that will predict whether or not a person will order a pizza. The Specialist is trying to build the optimal model with an ideal classification threshold. What model evaluation technique should the Specialist use to understand how different classification thresholds will impact the model's performance?

  • AReceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (correct answer)
  • BMisclassification rate
  • CRoot Mean Square Error (RMSE)
  • DL1 norm
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: A

The correct answer is A. Option A: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

MLS-C01 Question 20

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Topic 1 · Question 20

An interactive online dictionary wants to add a widget that displays words used in similar contexts. A Machine Learning Specialist is asked to provide word features for the downstream nearest neighbor model powering the widget. What should the Specialist do to meet these requirements?

  • ACreate one-hot word encoding vectors.
  • BProduce a set of synonyms for every word using Amazon Mechanical Turk.
  • CCreate word embedding vectors that store edit distance with every other word.
  • DDownload word embeddings pre-trained on a large corpus. (correct answer)
Reveal answer & explanation
Correct answer: D

The correct answer is D. Option D: Download word embeddings pre-trained on a large corpus.

Showing questions 1–20 of 369 · Page 1 of 19